Class 12 Biology — Chapter 5: MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

What you'll learn

• ▸Structure of a Polynucleotide Chain
• ▸Watson and Crick's DNA Double Helix Model
• ▸Chargaff's Rules
• ▸Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
• ▸Packaging of DNA Helix
• ▸Distinguishing DNA and RNA

Chapter Summary

--- PAGE 1 --- CHAPTER 5 MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE 12083CH06 5.1 The DNA 5.2 The Search for Genetic Material 5.3 RNA World 5.4 Replication 5.5 Transcription 5.6 Genetic Code 5.7 Translation 5.8 Regulation of Gene Expression 5.9 Human Genome Project 5.10 DNA Fingerprinting In the previous chapter, you have learnt the inheritance patterns and the genetic basis of such patterns. At the time of Mendel, the nature of those ‘factors’ regulating the pattern of inheritance was not clear. Over the next hundred years, the nature of the putative genetic material was investigated culminating in the realisation that DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid – is the genetic material, at least for the majority of organisms. In Class XI you have learnt that nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the two types of nucleic acids found in living systems. DNA acts as the genetic material in most of the organisms. RNA though it also acts …

Practice Questions from this Chapter

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1. Explain DNA's double helix simply. Get Solution →
2. Describe DNA's role in inheritance. Get Solution →
3. Compare DNA and RNA functions clearly. Get Solution →
4. Who first identified DNA as an acidic substance in the nucleus in 1869 and named it 'Nuclein'? Get Solution →
5. What are the three components of a nucleotide? Get Solution →
6. Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA? Get Solution →
7. In the DNA double helix, Adenine forms hydrogen bonds with which base? Get Solution →
8. What is the name of the model for the structure of DNA proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953? Get Solution →

Did you know?

• 💡 The DNA in just one human cell is almost 2 meters (6 feet) long.
• 💡 You share about half of your DNA with a common banana plant.
• 💡 Your body's cells repair DNA over a million times every single second.
• 💡 Scientists can store entire movies and books inside tiny strands of DNA.
• 💡 The first person who discovered DNA in 1869 called it 'Nuclein'.

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