Class 11 Physics — Chapter 4: THERMODYNAMICS

What you'll learn

• ▸Thermal Equilibrium and System Boundaries
• ▸Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
• ▸Heat, Internal Energy, and Work
• ▸First Law of Thermodynamics
• ▸Specific Heat Capacity (Cv and Cp)
• ▸Thermodynamic Processes
• ▸Second Law of Thermodynamics
• ▸Reversible and Irreversible Processes
• ▸Carnot Engine and Efficiency

Chapter Summary

--- PAGE 1 --- CHAPTER ELEVEN THERMODYNAMICS 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Thermal equilibrium 11.3 Zeroth law of Thermodynamics 11.4 Heat, internal energy and work 11.5 First law of thermodynamics 11.6 Specific heat capacity 11.7 Thermodynamic state variables and equation of state 11.8 Thermodynamic processes 11.9 Second law of thermodynamics 11.10 Reversible and irreversible processes 11.11 Carnot engine Summary Points to ponder Exercises 11.1 INTRODUCTION In previous chapter we have studied thermal properties of matter. In this chapter we shall study laws that govern thermal energy. We shall study the processes where work is converted into heat and vice versa. In winter, when we rub our palms together, we feel warmer; here work done in rubbing produces the 'heat'. Conversely, in a steam engine, the 'heat' of the steam is used to do useful work in moving the pistons, which in turn rotate the wheels of the train. In physics, …

Practice Questions from this Chapter

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1. Explain heat transfer simply. Get Solution →
2. Give real-world heat examples. Get Solution →
3. Describe thermal equilibrium everyday. Get Solution →
4. What is the branch of physics that deals with the concepts of heat, temperature, and the inter-conversion of heat and other forms of energy? Get Solution →
5. What was the name of the discarded historical theory that regarded heat as a fine invisible fluid? Get Solution →
6. Which type of wall is described as an insulating wall that does not allow the flow of heat? Get Solution →
7. Which law of thermodynamics establishes the concept of temperature? Get Solution →
8. What is the internal energy (U) of a system defined as? Get Solution →

Did you know?

• 💡 Absolute zero is the coldest possible temperature, where atoms almost stop moving.
• 💡 For a long time, people thought heat was an invisible fluid called caloric.
• 💡 Rubbing your hands together converts the work of friction into warmth.
• 💡 The Sun's core is incredibly hot, reaching about 15 million degrees Celsius.
• 💡 Your body turns the food you eat into heat, keeping you warm.

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